小香葱常见病虫害及防治方法

植物图片 2021-04-22 13:51

霜霉病：叶面形成浅黄色近圆形至多角形病斑，轻微发病时按照400-600倍液HILOT凯霜稀释喷雾防治。灰霉病：叶柄基部有不规则水浸斑，变软腐烂，病苗腐烂枯萎病死，需用异菌脲按喷洒。葱蛆：用高效氯氰聚酯灌根或用敌百虫灌根。

常见病害及防治方法

霜霉病

此病从幼苗到收获各阶段均可发生，以成株受害较重。主要为害叶片，由基部向上部叶发展。

发病初期在叶面形成浅黄色近圆形至多角形病斑，容易并发角斑病，空气潮湿时叶背产生霜状霉层，有时可蔓延到叶面。

后期病斑枯死连片，呈黄褐色，严重时全部外叶枯黄死亡，类似黄萎病。

防治方法：轻微发病时，按照400-600倍液HILOT凯霜稀释喷雾，5-7天用药一次；病情较重时，按100-300倍喷施HILOT凯霜，3天用药一次，具体施药次数视病情而定。

灰霉病

灰霉病病苗色浅，叶片、叶柄发病呈灰白色，水渍状，组织软化至腐烂，高湿时表面生有灰霉。

幼茎多在叶柄基部初生不规则水浸斑，很快变软腐烂，缢缩或折倒，最后病苗腐烂枯萎病死。

防治方法：使用50%异菌脲按1000-1500倍液稀释喷施， 5天用药1次；连续用药2次，即能有效控制病情，使病害症状消失。

常见虫害及防治方法

葱蛆

葱蛆,是种蝇科几种害虫幼虫的总称。葱蛆很喜欢葱、姜、蒜这些带有辛辣气味的植物,以它们的嫩根或嫩茎为食,一般在春秋两季集中为害,为害葱的根蛆主要是葱蝇。

防治方法：用5%的高效氯氰聚酯200倍灌根;或者用敌百虫100倍灌根,效果都很好。

潜叶蝇

潜叶蝇的卵呈白色，椭圆形，大小为0.9毫米×0.3毫米，成熟幼虫长约7.5毫米，有皱纹，呈乌黄色。蛹，长约5毫米，呈椭圆形，开始为浅黄褐色，后变为红褐色，羽化前变为暗褐色。

防治方法：掌握成虫盛发期，及时喷药防治成虫，防止成虫产卵。成虫主要在叶背面产卵，应喷药于叶背面。或在刚出现危害时喷药防治幼虫，防治幼虫要连续喷2~3次，农药可用40%乐果乳油1000倍液。

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